Action and reaction are not always equal, and the reaction may not occur exactly in the opposite direction, depending on the specific shapes of the interacting bodies.
Ajay Sharma has demonstrated this through physical examples using bodies of identical mass and composition but different shapes.This proposition departs from Newton’s Third Law, formulated more than 340 years ago and published in Principia.
Accordingly, Ajay Sharma has proposed a generalized form of Newton’s Third Law that accommodates the effects of shape, asymmetry, material composition, and characteristics of the target body.
He has elaborated this proposition by presenting evidence from his earlier published papers, including presentations at conferences of the American Association of Physics Teachers and the Indian Association of Physics Teachers, as well as publications in journals such as Science Talks (Elsevier), Physics Education, and Physics Essays.
Scientists and scientific institutions across diverse fields of physics have suggested that Sharma further validate his thesis through controlled experimental investigations.
In this context, he has formally written to the Department of Science and Technology, Government of India.
During subsequent interactions, he received considered guidance from the Principal Scientific Adviser to the Government of India, Professor Ajay Kumar Sood.
It may be noted that Sharma has devoted approximately 45 years to the study of fundamental laws of physics.
“Ajay Sharma retired from the Education Department approximately four years ago, where he served as Assistant Director and earlier worked as Lecturer in Physics.
He was particularly encouraged by comments from American scientists during the 2018 conference of the American Association of Physics Teachers held in Washington, D.C., who remarked that, “If these experiments are conducted with precise instrumentation and successfully demonstrated, India could earn a Nobel Prize.”
Since then, Ajay Sharma has focused exclusively on this line of research, setting aside his work on other topics.
This sustained effort has begun to yield significant results after eight years.